Design and Performance Analysis Of 2 x 2 Mimo Planar Antenna Systems of Various Configurations for Satellite Communications

Abstract

Multiple Input Multiple Output(MIMO) is an excellent candidate for achieving better performance in wireless communication systems by incorporating multipaths to transmit and receive data.The demand for high data rate and sufficient channel capacity in wireless communication systems has led to the emergence of MIMO technology. However, one of the major challenges in implementing MIMO systems is to achieve good isolation between the antenna elements and a miniaturized structure.The mutual coupling of antenna is highly dependent on the distance between antenna elements.The quality of MIMO antenna can be verified using certain diversity parameters such as Envelope Correlation Coefficient(ECC), Diversity Gain(DG),Total Active Reflection Coefficient(TARC) and Channel Capacity(CC) in addition to Scattering(S) parameters and radiation characteristics.The MIMO antennas must satisfy predefined values of diversity parameters for practical applications. The development of efficient and compact antenna systems is critical for the successful implementation of 5G-based MIMO and Massive MIMO technology.The antenna designs used in the proposed research work focuses on Sub 6GHz frequency band.The 5G mid-band provides an optimal balance between coverage and capacity making it highly advantageous.It offers a longer range than millimeter wave technology, making it ideal for widespread coverage.Additionally, these frequencies experience lower signal loss and can travel greater distances and effectively penetrate obstacles such as buildings.This makes the sub-6 GHz range the preferred frequency for ensuring broad coverage and serving as the foundation for robust 5G networks. The implementation of sub 6-GHz devices can be achieved with the already existing 4G LTE bands thus forms an appropriate choice for 5G communication. The evolution of satellite technology paved the way for a global communications satellite industry.Modern satellite communication requires development of low cost, small size,high gain and high directivity antennas..