A Comparative Study of Socio Economic Correlates of Labour Migration in Selected Zones of India with Special Reference to Pre and Post Globalization of Indian Economy

Abstract

In India, Labour migration has a long history from British era. India and China is the biggest supplier of labour workforce at global level. In past colonial era two types of labour emigration arise from India, one took place mainly towards the industrialized countries like U.K, U.S., Canada and Australia and others were directed towards the oil reach gulf countries like Oman, Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq, UAE etc. On the other side internal migration also divided into two categories like rural to urban migration and urban to urban. Labour migration is very crucial issue for any developing countries by which they enhance their development. newlineThis study describes the specific socio-economic correlates which affect the labour migration and on the other side the trend of labour migration from Pre and Post globalisation of Indian economy. Labour force and unemployment is the key issue of any economy. Labour force shows the supply of workers in the working area. In India women s participation in labour is quite low in comparison to another developing state. Although, unemployment is also a crucial indicator of Indian economy because population grew rapidly but the employment is comparatively less therefore it force to emigrate labour from one country to another country. newlineBy the deep analysis of this study researcher identified that labour migration for work and employment has been increased after globalisation of Indian economy. Internal migration like rural to urban increases due to low wages rate, less infrastructure facilities, less civic amenities and landlessness etc. and urban to urban migration increases due to better wage rate, more employment opportunities, job security, higher income, better facilities from previous place to other developed cities. newlineAfter independence of India, the volume of labour migration has increase significantly. But since 1981 to 1991 labour migration for work and employment has been decreased in all states of India except Uttar Pradesh, due to several schemes and programs for rural people have been introduced by government of India for rural development and generation of employment in rural areas. Although after globalisation of Indian Economy 1991, labour migration has been increased rapidly in all states of India. About 14.70 percent of labour population migrated for work and employment in 2001 and 10.22 percent in 2011. newline newline