Isolation Identification and Characterization of Bacteriophages Against Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia

Abstract

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an aerobic gram-negative bacillus that is newlinecommon in a variety of aquatic habitats. Despite being regarded as a rare human newlinepathogen, S. maltophilia infections have been more widely recognized, especially in newlinenosocomial settings (hospital-acquired infections). Unlike the Enterobacterales family, newlinethis bacterium is classified as a nonfermentative gram-negative bacillus. Its rising newlineincidence in clinical infections emphasises how important it is to comprehend its newlinefunction in infections linked to healthcare. Tap water, haemodialysis water, and dental newlineunit reservoirs are among the contaminated healthcare-associated water supplies that are newlinesaid to raise the risk of infection transmission. Underlying cancer, immunosuppressive newlinetreatment, cystic fibrosis, COPD, HIV, neutropenia, mechanical ventilation, previous newlineStenotrophomonas colonisation, central venous catheter, genitourinary catheter, CAPD newline(continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis), recent surgery, trauma, extended newlinehospitalisation, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, exposure to broad-spectrum newlineantibiotics, cephalosporins and carbapenems, and hyperalimentation are risk factors for newlineS. maltophilia infection. According to a 2024 systematic review and meta-analysis, newlineS. maltophilia has a significant level of antibiotic resistance. Remarkably, newlineresistance rates were lowest against minocycline of 4.8% and greatest against newlinecefuroxime of 99.1%. Additionally, the study noted a growing pattern of antibiotic newlineresistance over time, including to tigecycline and ticarcillin-clavulanic acid newline