Nonclassical properties from frequency modulation in traps and of micromaser fie

Abstract

The production and properties of nonclassical states continues to be of great interest. Nonclassical properties like antibunching, sub-Poissonian photon counting statistics and squeezing have been studied and experimentally observed in many systems. Central to these concepts is the quantum harmonic oscillator. In the second quantisation formalism of the electromagnetic field, it is seen that the electromagnetic field is a collection of harmonic oscillators. The main aim of this thesis is to study the generation of nonclassical states and their properties in the generic system of a quantum harmonic oscillator. A harmonic oscillator whose frequency is time dependent is considered which is then shown to manifest nonclassical properties. The results are then applied to specific quantum systems for which the harmonic oscillator forms a representative. Two specific systems are studied: (a) the quantised motion of an ion in a Paul trap and (b) production of photons in a one-dimensional cavity, one boundary of which executes an "in-out" motion. Another fundamental system of great current interest and activity is that of a micromaser. The micromaser field exhibits many novel features which are not seen in conventional masers and lasers. The micromaser field is also rich in exhibiting nonclassical features. An extensive study of these properties of the micromaser field is carried out responding to these trapping states.