Development and validation of ergonomics protocol with respect to mechanical factors facilitating surgical ambience in minimal access surgery and specific risk assessment in bariatric sleeve gastrectomy

Abstract

18 newline1. Prologue Understanding the surgical workplace newlineOperation theatre: the workplace newlineThe conventional open surgery is now replaced by Minimal invasive surgery. Minimal access or minimally invasive approach is the choice for many surgical procedures. Minimally invasive surgery(MIS) has grown tremendously since last decade. MIS depends largely on the surgical instruments specially designed for such procedures. newlineThis MIS approach provides huge benefit for the patients in terms of shorter recovery time, less pain and faster return to their routine. unfortunately, it has few drawbacks particularly giving a technically challenging process for the surgeon. as the surgeon overcomes this challenge he faces a new Situational crisis in form of Ergonomics. The operation theatre set up generally ignores the ergonomic aspect. The impact of ergonomics on the outcome after surgical procedure and on the surgeon s musculoskeletal system is huge. newlineSurveys report approximately 80% of surgeons experience pain or strain, predominantly in the cervical or lumbar spine, during laparoscopic and open operations2. Even though many studies have highlighted this since more than a decade it still remains a secondary importance. newline1. Vural F, Sutsunbuloglu E. Ergonomics: An Important Factor in the Operating Room. Journal of Perioperative Practice. 2016;26(7-8):174-178. 2. Hemmati P, Nguyen T, Dearani J. Ergonomics for Surgeons by Surgeons Posture, Loupes, and Exercise. JAMA Surgery. 2022;157(9):751. newline19 newline2.Introduction newlineErgonomics covers the interaction between the human, in this case the surgeon and the work environment which here is the operating room and surgical instruments. newlineErgonomics aims to create harmony in the interaction between the surgeon and his environment. newlineMinimally invasive technique has drastically reduced the freedom of movement for the surgeon, as the space of entry into the patient is reduced to few centimeters. The instrumentation puts the surgeon s body posture very much diverted from the neutral position. And further the durati