quotTHE INFLUENCE OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL STRESSORS AND HOSTILE FACTORS ON THE PHARMACOKINETICS OF SELECTED DRUG IN HUMAN POPULATIONquot

Abstract

quot newlineOBJECTIVE: The psychophysiological and hostile variables of stress was measured by using pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamics studies in healthy humans and the dose response was studied against the treatment outcomes to predict the cause-effect and dose-effect cascade of stress response. newlineMETHODS: The psychological and physical stress were measured by both noninvasive methods and hostile stress was measured by invasive methods to measure hypobaric hypoxia. The Allostatic load factors were measured. The pharmacokinetic parameters were measured and compared against the respective stress values in groups. The pharmacodynamics outcome during stress exposure was assessed and the outcome measures were compared against stress values. newlineRESULTS: The pharmacokinetic variables were observed to be altered with adding on each stressor, moderate level psychological stress had shown equivalent to high psychological stress. Allostatic load had shown that adapted pharmacokinetics where drug exposure was quite higher than normal Allostatic load but with addition, pharmacokinetics was decreased owing to the cause of decreased treatment outcome. The drug concentration was significantly reduced in hypoxia affected subjects in metabolism phase after Cmax than any other stress groups. The pharmacodynamics outcome measures of psychosomatic symptoms were observed to be not significantly reduced especially in hypoxia group; believed to be the CYP3A4 up regulation due to low oxygen content in blood supply to liver when exposed to hypobaric hostile environment. newlineCONCLUSION: This study results showed that psychological patterns keep influencing changes in physiological functions with an ascent that is accompanied by moderate hypobaric hypoxia. It could be moreover show that not just the degree of physiological changes but also the direction of pharmacokinetic changes are mainly regulated by preexisting psychological stress traits. newlinequot newline