Development of nanohydroxyapatitepolymer composites for biomedical applications

Abstract

The use of biomaterials is to restore the function of traumatized or degenerated connective tissues. Generally, the fracture of bone is caused by natural aging, trauma or tumors or infections. It is very difficult to restore without the aid of bone substitute materials. As a bench mark study, n-Hap was prepared by varying the key parameters such as temperature and time period. XRD analysis showed that the average crystallite size is in the range of 15 - 27 nm and it increases with increase in temperature and time period. The characteristic peaks were identified by FTIR analysis. FE-SEM analysis showed that the particles were nanorod like morphology. Bioresorbability and microhardness test exhibited that the composites have better resorbability and hardness (up to 3.0 wt. %) than pure HAp. A novel approach is used to synthesis HAp/chitosan-gelatin nanocomposites at different wt. % of chitosan-gelatin (CG) ratios such as CG-00, CG-40, CG-31, CG-22, CG-13 and CG-04. In summary, the pure HAp with nanorod like morphology has been synthesised by sol-gel and our indigeneously fabricated hydrothermal set-up. XRD analysis confirms the formation of n-HAp on CG polymer matrix and the decreased crystallite size was found with the decrease in chitosan and increase in gelatin compositions. FTIR study revealed that the presence of characteristic bands of HAp and CG. Moreover, the chemical bond interactions between the HAp and polymers (PVA, SA, CG) matrix are well studied. The prepared composites exhibits enhanced biological and mechanical properties compare to pure HAp. The compositions of PVA, SA and CG exhibit significant influence on crystallite size, crystallinity, morphology, particle size, bioresorbability and hardness of HAp. Based on the observed results, it can be suggest that the composite with enhanced biological and mechanical properties will offer promising potential biomaterials for biomedical applications. newline newline newline